Roof area feeding each run
The rule of thumb we start from: a 5-inch run with a 2×3 downspout comfortably drains somewhere around 1,000 to 1,200 square feet of roof. A 6-inch run with a 3×4 carries roughly half again as much — call it 1,500 to 1,800 square feet. The downspout drains twice as fast, but the channel itself only gains about 45 percent, and the channel is what sets the ceiling. Large, uninterrupted roof planes are the most common reason a home needs the bigger size.